Trò chơi rubic là một trò chơi trí tuệ và rất nổi tiếng, tuy nhiên không phải ai cũng chơi được mặc dù khi mua rucbic đều có kèm bản hướng dẫn. Nếu bạn đã từng xem bản hướng dẫn đó mà vẫn chưa chơi được, hãy bắt đầu với hướng dẫn dưới đây xem sao

Để tiện theo dõi và tập quay rubic thì bạn hãy chú ý một điều rằng dù cho các bạn quay kiểu gì đi nữa thì có 6 khối nhỏ luôn không thay đổi vị trí tương đối so với nhau, vì vậy mà ta có thể coi các vị trí các khối này là tuyệt đối, đó là 6 khối ở chính giữa của mỗi mặt. Vì vậy ta sẽ quy ước tên gọi cho 6 mặt này và cố định chúng ở vị trí so với mắt ta như hình

Tiếp theo, bạn hình dung trình tự quay khối rubic bằng hình minh hoạ sau (màu xám tro là những khối chưa cần quan tâm tới):

Và bây giờ chúng ta bắt đầu... học chơi rubic

Bước 1 và bước 2 xin nhường cho các bạn tự nghiên cứu 

Bước 3: Trước khi thực hiện bước này xin bạn lưu ý về quy ước các mặt như ở trên, đồng thời đồng ý với một quy ước về chiều quay như sau:
- Vặn cái đinh ốc vào (vào)
- Tháo cái đinh ốc ra (ra)
Để hoàn thành bước 3, bạn phải quay cục rubic sao cho vị trí của các khối cần hoán đổi như hình dưới đây

Bây giờ ta quay như sau: cam vào 1, vàng ra 1, cam ra 1, vàng ra 1, xanh lá ra 1, vàng vào 1, xanh lá vào 1 

Nghĩa là: quay lớp màu cam theo chiều vặn cái đinh ốc vào 1 vòng, quay lớp màu vàng theo chiều vặn cái đinh ốc ra 1 vòng, quay lớp màu cam theo chiều vặn cái đinh ốc ra 1 vòng...

Các vị trí khác làm tương tự (bạn cũng không nên máy móc quá, hãy linh động một tí nhé)

Bước 4: bước này sẽ làm như một trong hai hình 4A hoặc 4B. Trước khi thực hiện quay, bạn hãy chú ý sự di chuyển của các khối ở mặt dưới (màu vàng) theo mỗi cách quay như sau:

Kiểu 1:
đỏ ra 1, vàng vào 2, đỏ vào 1, vàng vào 1, đỏ ra 1, vàng vào 1, đỏ vào 1
Kiểu 2:
đỏ vào 1, cam ra 1, xanh lá vào 1, đỏ ra 1, cam vào 1, xanh lá vào 2, đỏ vào 1, cam ra 1, xanh lá vào 1

Nếu quay như kiểu 1 thì các khối rubic sẽ di chuyển theo hình bên, màu của các khối rubic bị sẽ không thay đổi. Nếu bạn quay kiểu 2 thì các khối rubic quay tương tự nhưng từ 1->2 và từ 2->3 màu thay đổi, còn từ 3->1 màu không đổi

Kết hợp hai kiểu quay trên để thực hiện bước 4A

Bước cuối cùng: 

Lời kết: đây có thể không phải là cách hay nhất hoặc nhanh nhât, tuy nhiên nếu so sánh với những hướng dẫn khác thì có lẽ sẽ dễ thực hiện hơn , mình mình xin cam kết rằng nếu bạn đã thực hiện theo hướng dẫn này mà vẫn không thành công thì mình xin... đào một cái lỗ để chôn bạn... ý nhầm , để chôn hết sách vở của mình

Video hướng dẫn

Tham khảo bài viết bằng tiếng anh :

The annotated practical guide for solving the Rubik's cube

Copyright (C) 2002 Oren Ben-Kiki.

This document may be freely redistributed unchanged.

The cube

The guide contains an ASCII image of three faces of the cube, using it to name several of its faces, edges and corners. Keep in mind that the name of each part of the cube depends on the way you hold it. In many cases, to perform some operation you'll first need to orient the whole cube first.

Also note that not all pieces of the cube are given names. Don't worry about it. In each step of the solution, you'll only have to worry about the part of the cube you can see at one glance, which means three faces at most.

		Faces
ULR / | \ UL | UR / | \ ULB LR URB | | | | L | R | | DLR | | / \ | | DL DR | | / \ | DLB D DRB \ / BL BR \ / BLR
		Edges		Corners

Notation

Instead of using abstract names, the guide uses visual notation for each operation (as much as that is possible in ASCII). Using this notation, the operations can be specified in a terse and intuitive manner.

Single face operations

Each of these operations rotates one of the cube faces. The guide describes them in terms of corner to corner rotation. As one corner and some edges aren't named (are hidden from view in the cube chart), they are specified using ?. The names (and mnemonics) of each operation are based on the way they effect the "front most" corner or edge.

Starting from a cube with its edge oriented towards you, you'll find that by rotating the whole cube a bit to the left, it becomes easy to rotate the left face with your left hand, and similarly for the right one. Likewise, the upper face is easy to rotate with the left hand, and the lower face with the right hand. Since the same four face moves are used over and over again, you'll find that "muscle memory" makes them very easy to perform, compared with solutions requiring you to rotate the "front" face (or the "back" face - shudder).

	{ = ULB <- ULR <- URB <- ??? = U left Mnemonic: The { points left, and is rounded (somewhat) like the letter U.
	} = ULB -> ULR -> URB -> ??? = U right Mnemonic: The } points right, and is rounded (somewhat) like the letter U.
	< = DRB <- DLR <- DRB <- BLR = D left Mnemonic: The < points left, and is angular like the Greek letter delta.
	> = DLB -> DLR -> DRB -> BLD = D right Mnemonic: The > points right, and is angular like the Greek letter delta.
	v( = ULR -> DLR -> DRB -> URB = R down Mnemonic: The ( describes the arc performed by the ULR corner. The v indicates it is moving down.
	^( = DLR -> ULR -> URB -> DRB = R up Mnemonic: The ( describes the arc performed by the DLR corner. The ^ indicates it is moving up.
	)v = ULR -> DLR -> DLB -> ULB = L down Mnemonic: The ) describes the arc performed by the ULR corner. The v indicates it is moving down.
	)^ = DLR -> ULR -> ULB -> DLB = L up Mnemonic: The ) describes the arc performed by the DLR corner. The ^ indicates it is moving up.
	v = UL -> DL -> BR -> ?? = C down Mnemonic: The v points down. This is awkward to do in a single move. It is easier to use two:
	;
	^ = BR -> DL -> UL -> ?? = C up Mnemonic: The ^ points up. This is awkward to do in a single move. It is easier to use two:
	;

ULR operations

There are four basic ways to manipulate the ULR corner. It turns out that all corner operations (and some of the edge operations) can be expressed in terms of these motions.

As these operations are so basic to the solution, they are assigned special shorthand notation of their own, instead of being specified each time as a set of face operations. This makes it much easier to memorize (and understand/feel) the solution.

	)> = )v > )^ = ULR -> DRB = ULR to right Mnemonic: The ) describes the arc performed by the ULR corner. The > points away from it, indicating ULR is being moved to the right.
	; ;
	)< = )v < )^ = ULR <- DRB = ULR from right Mnemonic: The ) describes the arc performed by the ULR corner. The < points to it, indicating ULR is being collected from the right.
	; ;
	<( = v( < ^( = DLB <- ULR = ULR to left Mnemonic: The ( describes the arc performed by the ULR corner. The < points away from it, indicating ULR is being moved to the left.
	; ;
	>( = v( > ^) = DLB -> ULR = ULR from left Mnemonic: The ( describes the arc performed by the ULR corner. The > points to it, indicating ULR is being collected from the left.
	; ;

UL operations

There are three basic ways to manipulate the UL edge. It turns out that all remaining (edge) operations that aren't covered by ULR movements can be expressed in terms of these motions.

Again, as these operations are so basic to the solution, they are assigned special shorthand notation of their own, instead of being specified each time as a set of face operations. This makes it much easier to memorize (and understand/feel) the solution.

		|> = v > ^ = UL -> DR = UL to right Mnemonic: The | describes the motion performed by the UL edge. The > points away from it, indicating UL is being moved to the right.
		; ;
		|< = v < ^ = UL <- DR = UL from right Mnemonic: The | describes the motion performed by the UL edge. The < points to it, indicating UL is being collected from the right.
		; ;
		|>> = v > > ^ = UL <-> DR = UL exchange Mnemonic: The | describes the motion performed by the UL edge. The double > indicates the double turn. Note that doing a double < has the same effect.
		; x2;

The solution

Once you have mastered the basic operations, solving the cube becomes reasonably easy to do (and remember). The solution consists of the following 9 steps:

1. Position 1st layer (U) corners

Orient the cube so that your chosen first layer is the upper face. You now need to bring the four corners of the proper color to their positions. There are two cases you need to be able to handle:

Corner in D : ULR from.

If the corner is in the down face, orient the cube so its proper place is at the ULR corner. Rotate the down face until the corner is at either DLB or DRB. Then employ the "ULR from left" or "ULR from right" operations. The corner will now be in place. In two out of three cases, it is possible to also properly orient the corner in the process, by choosing the appropriate "ULR from" variant.

Corner in U : First, ULR to.

If the corner is in the upper face, but at the wrong position, turn the cube so it is at ULR. Then employ either "ULR to left" or "ULR to right". The corner will now be in the down face. Bring it up to its proper place as described above.

2. Orient 1st layer (U) corners

You can "twist" each corner in one of two directions.

		Twist ULR clockwise : >( )> Mnemonic: Think of moving the DLB corner to DRB via ULR. Along its way it twists ULR in the direction it travels (clockwise).
		;
		Twist ULR widdershins : )< <( Mnemonic: Think of taking the DRB corner to DLB via ULR. Along its way it twists ULR in the direction it travels (widdershins). For those of you who don't read Terry Pratchet - 'widdershins' means 'the other way', or in this context, counter-clockwise.
		;

3. Position 1st layer (U) edges

Orient the cube so that your chosen first layer is the upper face. You now need to bring the four edges of the proper color to their positions. There are three cases you need to be able to handle:

Edge in D      : UL from/exchange.

If the edge is in the down face, turn the cube so its proper place is at the UL edge. If the edge needs to be flipped, rotate the down face until it is at DL, then employ the "UL Exchange" operations. Otherwise, rotate the down face until the edge is at DR, then employ the "UL from right" operation. The edge should now be in place (and properly oriented).

Edge in U      : First, UL to.

If the corner is in the upper face, but at the wrong position, turn the cube so it is at UL. Then do "UL to right". The edge will now be in the down face. Bring it up to its rightful place as described above.

Edge in middle : Adapt step 8.

Step 8 describes how to rotate three edges in a single face without moving anything else in the cube. To adapt it, rotate the upper face so that the edge you want to move will be adjacent to its target position. Orient the cube so both are at the down face and apply step 8 to bring the edge to its target position. Then re-orient the cube and rotate the upper face back to its proper position.

4. Orient 1st layer (U) edges

It is usually possible to bring the edges to the first layer so they will already be oriented properly. However, sometimes they start at the middle layer, or at the right place in the upper layer, and are initially flipped. Or maybe you used the "wrong" way of bringing them to their proper position. Either way, you now need to flip them in place. Orient the cube so that the first layer is the upper one and the edge you want to flip is in the UL position, and do either of the following:

		Flip UL : |>> > |< Mnemonic: Flipping the edge down and then bringing it up without a flip will cause it to be flipped "in place".
		; ;
		Flip UL : |> < |>> Mnemonic: You can also do the same thing in reverse, first bringing the edge down without a flip and then flipping it up. The end result is the same - flipping "in place".
		; ;

Having a reverse way to flip an edge will prove vital in step 9.

5. 2nd layer edges (1st is U)

At this point your first layer is complete. The second layer contains only edges. You need to position each in its place. This time, take care that each edge is brought to place in the correct orientation (if it isn't, use one of the following operations to bring another edge to its place and try again).

These are edge operations that are caused by corner motion, which is rather surprising. This makes the mnemonics a bit of a stretch.

		DR -> LR : > )< < >( Mnemonic: Think of moving DR "away" to the right, then bringing it "back" to place by doing the "ULR from right" operation. Now all that's left is restoring ULR from the other direction.
		; ; ;
		DL -> LR : < >( > )< Mnemonic: Think of moving DL "away" to the left, then bringing it "back" to place by doing the "ULR from left" operation. Now all that's left is restoring ULR from the other direction.
		; ; ;

6. Position 3rd layer (R) corners

At this point your second layer is complete. This leaves just the third layer to be solved. In the first layer you could "just do things". Trying to do the same for the third layer would make a mess of the first and second layers. The solution is to make use of the fact that while doing an operation messes up these layers, doing its reverse fixes the damage. The trick is to apply the operation to one part of the third layer and its reverse to another part. This achieves some effect in the third layer while leaving the first and seconds layers intact.

At any rate, the first step is to position the third layer corners. You can get away with using just two operations (that are also easier to remember) that rotate between three third layer corners. However, I'm also giving here a way to exchange two adjacent corners. It can save a lot of moves, so it is worth memorizing even if it is somewhat magical.

Note that for the three-corner rotation, the cube must be oriented so the third layer is the right one. For the two-corner exchange, the cube must be oriented so the third layer is the down one.

		ULR <-> URB <-> DLR : <( { >( } Mnemonic: To rotate ULR to URB, take it to the left and then bring it back up to its new place.
		; ; ;
		URB <-> ULR <-> DLR : { <( } >( Mnemonic: To rotate URB to ULR, make it ULR, take it to the left and then bring it back up to its new place.
		; ; ;
		(3rd is D) DLB <-> DLR : <( )> >( > > Mnemonic (not a very good one, I'm afraid): Think of the second move, ULR to DRB, as the motion that does the trick, as long as ULR is put out of the way first and restored afterward. It isn't how this really works, but it makes it a bit easier to remember.
	; ; ; x2

7. Orient 3rd layer (U) corners

This is rather simple once you get the hang of using an operation and its reverse operation. To twist any pair of corners, orient the cube so the third layer is the upper face, and the first corner to twist is at ULR. Now do the following steps:

- Twist ULR as in step 2.

You can twist it in either direction. This, of course, messes the first and second layers.

- Move other corner to ULR using {/}s.

That is, by rotating just the upper face.

- REVERSE twist ULR as in step 2.

You must rotate the second corner (now in ULR) in the opposite direction from the first one. This rearranges the first and second layers.

- Re-orient U layer using {/}s.

You need to return the original ULR to its place, again by rotating just the upper face.

8. Position 3rd layer (D) edges

This works in a similar way to rotating a corner. There, by moving a corner from one place to another, a different corner was rotated. Here, by moving one edge in a path around the cube, the positions of three other edges are rotated (exchanged). Magically, nothing else is effected.

		BL <-> DR <-> BR : |> > > |> Mnemonic: The final step actually takes UL from the left, so the operation is to move UL right and take it from the left. Along its journey, UL somehow drags BL in the same direction, causing the rotation.
		; x2;
		DR <-> BL <-> BR : |< < < |< Mnemonic: The first step actually takes UL to the left, so the operation is to move UL left and take it from the right. Along its journey, UL somehow drags DR in the same direction, causing the rotation.
		; x2;

9. Orient 3rd layer (U) edges

All that is left now is to orient the third layer edges. Flipping any pair of edges is simple, because we know how to flip and reverse flip an edge from step 4. To do so, orient the cube so the third layer is the upper face, and the first edge to flip is at UL. Now do the following steps:

- Flip UL as in step 4.

It doesn't matter which variant you use at this point. This messes the first layer.

- Move 2nd edge to UL using {/}s.

That is, by rotating just the upper face.

- REVERSE flip UL as in step 4.

You must flip the second edge (now in UL) using the reverse way from the first one. This rearranges the first layer.

- Re-orient U layer using {/}s.

You need to return the original UL to its place, again by rotating just the upper face.

That's all there is to it. When trying to memorize the solution, focus on ULR and UL operations. For example, it is much easier to remember "move UL to the left, then take it from the right" than memorizing the resulting series of 8 face operations.